Financial Independence, Retire Early (F.I.R.E.)
The American Dream used to be "work until 65, get a gold watch, die at 70." The FIRE movement hacked that script.
The 4% Rule
The core of FIRE is the Safe Withdrawal Rate (SWR). A landmark study (The Trinity Study) found that if you withdraw 4% of your portfolio in the first year and adjust for inflation thereafter, your money has a 95% chance of lasting 30+ years.
The Magic Formula: * Annual Expenses $ imes$ 25 = Your Number. * If you spend $40,000/year, you need $1,000,000 invested.
Modes of FIRE
- LeanFIRE: Living on strict budgets (beans and rice) to retire ASAP.
- FatFIRE: Retiring with a lavish budget ($100k+ expenses).
- BaristaFIRE: Saving enough to quit the high-stress career and just work a chill part-time job for health insurance.
How the Math Works
The calculation relies on the Trinity Study's 4% Safe Withdrawal Rate rule. If you can safely withdraw 4% of your investment principal annually without heavily depleting the account over a 30-year span, then the inverse multiplier is 25 ($100 / 4 = 25$).
$$ FIRE\,Number = Annual\,Expenses \times 25 $$
The calculator simply multiplies your inputted yearly expenses by 25 to find your target 'FIRE Number'. To show how close you are, it takes your current savings, divides it by the target number, and formats it as an exact progress percentage.